经皮椎体成形术对老年骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折患者血清MMP-3、TIMP-1、IL-6及疗效的影响

目的:探讨经皮椎体成形术对老年骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折患者血清基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)、基质金属蛋白酶抑制因子-1(TIMP-1)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及疗效的影响。方法:选择60例2016年10月到2017年3月我院接诊的老年骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折患者,依照随机数表法分为实验组和对照组,每组30例,在都给予常规药物治疗的基础上,对照组给予复位枕垫和康复训练治疗,实验组采用经皮椎体成形术治疗。结果:治疗前,两组血清MMP-3、TIMP-1、IL-6水平无差异(P0.05);治疗后,两组血清MMP-3、IL-6水平均降低,实验组下降幅度更大,两组血清TIMP-1水平均升高,实验组上升幅度更大(P0.05);治疗前,两组患者VAS评分无差异(P0.05),治疗1周及治疗后,实验组患者VAS评分均低于对照组(P0.05);治疗前,两组患者Cobb角无差异(P0.05),治疗后,两组患者Cobb均明显下降,实验组较对照组下降更大(P0.05);治疗前,两组患者伤椎高度比无差异(P0.05),治疗后,两组伤椎高度比明显下降,实验组低于对照组(P0.05);治疗后,实验组有效率96.67%大于对照组的76.67%,差异显著(P0.05)。结论:经皮椎体成形术能有效降低患者血清MMP-3、IL-6水平,恢复TIMP-1水平,能显著提高治疗老年骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折的疗效     

人主动脉壁硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖对培养的人主动脉平滑肌细胞生长的影响

从动脉粥样硬化（ＡＳ）高（北京）、低（南宁）发区人正常胸主动脉内－中膜分离ＨＳＰＧ,观察其对体外培养的ＨＡＳＭＣ生长的影响,细胞计数、~３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入及形态观察均表明ＡＳ高、低发区人主动脉ＨＳＰＧ都能剂量依赖性地抑制ＨＡＳＭＣ增殖,但抑制百分数未见显著差异,结果提示,人动脉壁中ＨＳＰＧ的含量可能与ＡＳ发病有关．     

Patterns of feeding behaviour in adult male riodinid butterflies and their relationship to morphology and ecology

Adult butterflies are known to visit a wide variety of food substrates, but, with the exception of flower visitation, little is known about what substances are being sought or what determines substrate choice. This is especially true for the Riodinidae, a large family [c. 1300 spp.) of almost exclusively Neotropical butterflies. We present adult male feeding records for 124 species in 41 genera of Riodinidae (out of a total of 441 species in 85 genera collected in the study), based on ten months sampling in Ecuador. Records of food substrates visited in this study include flowers, damp sand or mud (‘puddling’) and rotting carrion. Rotting carrion placed in traps was the most frequently recorded food source in terms of numbers of individuals and taxa, attracting 89 species from 32 genera. A correlation is found between food substrate choice and morphology, specifically wing area to thoracic volume ratio (WA: TV ratio). Our data suggest the possible existence of two adaptive syndromes whose species have significantly different mean WA:TV ratios and differing suites of accompanying ecological traits, with lower ratios being significantiy correlated with species that were recorded feeding. Among species recorded feeding, carrion feeders and puddlers have significantly lower mean WA:TV ratios than flower nectarers, and carrion feeders have a lower mean WA:TV ratio than species not recorded on this food source, a correlation that is significant across all tribes and within some tribes (Riodinini and Saratoni). We reanalyse previously published data on flight and morphology for species in other butterfly and moth families and show mat the ratio of wing area to thoracic mass is significantly negatively correlated with flight speed and oxygen consumption (a direct indicator of metabolic rate). We suggest that adult male riodinids may puddle and feed at rotting carrion to supplement nutrient stores from larval feeding, not only to increase reproductive success, but also to provide the necessary nutrients to maintain high metabolic rates during rapid flight.     

腹主动脉瘤生长过程的蠕变力学模型

基于增强对腹主动脉瘤生长过程的理解、为腹主动脉瘤临床手术提供参考的目的,本文根据腹主动脉瘤的生长物理机制,提出了以蠕变力学为基础模拟腹主动脉瘤生长过程的模型.建立了腹主动脉瘤简化模型,利用有限元方法进行模拟计算.结果显示蠕变模型能够有效模拟腹主动脉瘤生长过程中的形态变化.参数优化模型模拟结果符合临床统计数据所示的腹主动脉瘤生长过程.本文还讨论了腹主动脉材料力学参数对模型的影响.     

腹主动脉瘤炎症机制的研究进展

腹主动脉瘤是血管外科最高危的血管退化性疾病之一,其最严重的后果是由于薄弱的动脉管壁无法承受血流冲击,导致动脉瘤壁破裂,引起的猝死。随着我国人口老龄化形势日趋严峻,腹主动脉瘤的发病率也逐年上升,成为威胁我国人民生命健康的重要疾病之一。随着对腹主动脉瘤认识的进步,影像学检查手段的增多,该疾病的确诊率已大大提高,但其具体的发病机制仍不完全清楚。目前已知腹主动脉瘤的发生与吸烟、性别、氧化应激、基质蛋白酶、血脂等多种因素相关,最新的研究显示炎症反应在腹主动脉瘤的发生发展过程中起到重要作用,本文主要对腹主动脉瘤与白细胞相关的炎症反应机制的最新研究进展予以综述。     

The developmental profile of paramyosin and other myofibrillar proteins of larval and imaginal thoracic muscles of Lepidoptera

The synthesis of paramyosin and other myofibrillar proteins of the thoracic muscles of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta was studied by immunological and electrophoretical methods during the histolysis of the larval thoracic muscles and the differentiation of the indirect flight muscles. Antigens of the myofibrillar proteins in the thoracic muscles of the last-larval stage cross reacted with those in the flight muscles of the adults against polyspecific antibodies from actomyosin and monospecific antibodies from paramyosin. After the breakdown of the larval thoracic muscles (2 days from larval-pupal ecdysis) these antigens can no longer be detected in the thorax. The results indicate an almost complete removal of the larval thoracic muscles. Paramyosin could be identified again in a homogenate of the thoracic muscles of animals on the 13th day from larval-pupal ecdysis. Paramyosin is the first protein found during the differentiation of the flight muscles. The other myofibrillar proteins could be identified in thoracic homogenates of pharate adults of Manduca sexta on the 14th and 15th day from larval-pupal ecdysis. On the 14th day from larval-pupal ecdysis the dorso-longitudinal muscle and the tergosternal muscles show cross-striation, and the appearance of most of the electrophoretical results are in accordance with immunological and morphological findings. The myofibrillar proteins of the indirect flight muscles of Manduca sexta are synthesized de novo during metamorphosis.     

Takeoff temperatures in Melitaea cinxia butterflies from latitudinal and elevational range limits: a potential adaptation to solar irradiance

1. This study provides evidence that a heliophilic butterfly, the Glanville fritillary (Melitaea cinxia) has adapted differently to environmental variation across latitudes and elevations. 2. In cool air, basking M. cinxia orient themselves perpendicular to the sun's rays to gain heat and take off. During flight, solar heating is reduced because orientation perpendicular to the sun is no longer possible and convective cooling occurs. Consequently, M. cinxia have been shown to suffer net heat loss in flight, even in full sunshine. When flight duration is restricted in this way, the takeoff temperature becomes an important thermal adaptation. 3. Using a thermal imaging camera, takeoff temperatures were measured in experimental butterflies. Butterflies from the northern range limit in Finland took flight at slightly hotter temperatures than butterflies from the southern limit in Spain, and much hotter than butterflies from the elevational limit (1900–2300 m) in the French Alps. Butterflies from low‐elevation populations in southern France also took off much hotter than did the nearby Alpine population. 4. These results suggest that the influence of elevation is different from that of latitude in more respects than ambient temperature. Values of solar irradiance in the butterflies' flight season in each region show that insects from the coolest habitats, Finland and the Alps, experienced similar solar irradiance during basking, but that Finns experienced much lower irradiance in flight. This difference may have favored Finnish butterflies evolving higher takeoff temperatures than Alpine butterflies that also flew in cool air but benefited from more intense radiant energy after takeoff.     

Imaging analysis of collagen fiber networks in cusps of porcine aortic valves: effect of their local distribution and alignment on valve functionality

The cusps of native aortic valve (AV) are composed of collagen bundles embedded in soft tissue, creating a heterogenic tissue with asymmetric alignment in each cusp. This study compares native collagen fiber networks (CFNs) with a goal to better understand their influence on stress distribution and valve kinematics. Images of CFNs from five porcine tricuspid AVs are analyzed and fluid-structure interaction models are generated based on them. Although the valves had similar overall kinematics, the CFNs had distinctive influence on local mechanics. The regions with dilute CFN are more prone to damage since they are subjected to higher stress magnitudes.